Gastritis diet

25 October 2023

Gastritis is the name given to inflammatory processes of the gastric mucosa, which inevitably lead to digestive problems. A person begins to digest food poorly, as a result of which his health deteriorates and weakness and lethargy appear. According to statistics, about half of all residents of our country experience painful symptoms of gastritis to one degree or another.

Gastritis diet

Many people wonder: what diet should be followed for gastritis? This is a very important question, since proper nutrition is an important part of the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases. If you have gastritis, you should always follow a soft diet, and if your health improves, you can only return to normal eating habits gradually. In some cases, doctors prescribe a personal diet for gastritis.

It is also necessary to remember that with gastritis an enzyme deficiency develops, so in some cases, along with a diet to improve digestion, it is advisable to use enzyme preparations such as Micrazim.

There are two types of gastritis: acute and chronic. In different people, these forms can be accompanied by high and low degrees of gastric acidity. Acute gastritis is of the following types:

fibrinous (aggravates the occurrence of infectious diseases);
catarrhal (accompanied by a violation of the integrity of the outer membrane of the stomach);
phlegmonous (causes purulent inflammatory processes in the gastric walls);
corrosive (one of the side effects of poisoning).

Chronic diseases, in turn, present in the following forms:

superficial;
hypertrophic;
polyposis;
bacterial;
granulomatous;
autoimmune.

Another form of chronic gastritis is typical for those people whose stomach walls are damaged due to systematic intake of alcohol in large quantities.

Key principles of diet for gastritis diseases.

Remember that a proper diet for gastritis is the key to successfully overcoming the symptoms. If the acidity of your gastric juice increases, then you need to eat foods that help reduce its activity. Follow three rules:

Mechanical principle. Avoid foods that contain rough fiber. These products include onion crops, marbled meat and bran. Additionally, dishes cooked in oil are strictly prohibited.
Chemical principle. Avoid foods that can increase gastric secretion. This list includes alcohol, sparkling water, citrus fruits (including their juices), coffee, black bread, cabbage, and rich meat broth.
Thermal principle. Do not eat foods that are at very high or very low temperatures. It irritates the esophagus and, among other things, cold foods remain in the stomach longer than usual.

What foods can you eat if you have gastritis?

Include lean meat (such as rabbit) in your diet. Duck, lamb and goose are not allowed, but chicken can only be eaten without skin.

Other acceptable foods and dishes include:

River fish;
seafood;
egg white omelet;
oatmeal and buckwheat porridge;
milk;
zucchini, pumpkin, tomatoes, carrots, various vegetables;
berries with high sugar content;
boiled and pureed fruits.

What should be missing from the diet?

If you have been diagnosed with gastritis caused by the bacteria Helicobacter pylori, it is not recommended that you prescribe a diet. Be sure to consult with a gastroenterologist or nutritionist so that gastritis treatment is consistent and effective.

With this disease, the menu should not include:

Fresh baked goods, especially rye bread, as well as puff pastries. Instead, it is better to eat white bread, cookies and simple cakes.
Soups with rich broth, such as mushroom soup, cabbage soup, and borscht. These dishes should be replaced with light vegetable soups with potatoes, cabbage, carrots and onions.
Smoked dishes, as well as meats with fat and veins. Instead, it is better to eat dishes made from boiled or steamed meat (cutlets, meatballs). The types of meat allowed are chicken and lamb.
Hard boiled eggs and fried tortillas. They should be replaced with soft-boiled eggs and steamed omelettes.
Any salty and spicy dishes, marinades, chocolate, carbonated drinks, coffee and kvass.
Alcohol.

Diet for high acidity.

With this form of gastritis, you should not abuse fruits and vegetables, as they can worsen your health. However, you should not completely eliminate these products from the menu. Avoid foods that can stimulate stomach acid production and opt for acid-reducing foods. If you eat well, you are more likely to lose some weight than gain weight. Below is a table showing permitted and prohibited products:

Vegetables: carrot, pumpkin, potatoes, beet. Light vegetable salads. Tomatoes: ripe, chopped. Cucumbers without skin.	Greenery.
Fruits: non-acid, ripe, skinless (banana, pear, apple). It is best to eat fruit not raw, but baked. Watermelons and melons, in very limited quantities.	French fries, pickles, sauerkraut.
Milk (cow or goat), cream, yogurt. Fresh cottage cheese.	Sour cream, kefir, hard cheese.
Soup with dietary broth.	Cabbage soup and borscht in a rich broth.
Pasta	legumes
Boiled chicken or rabbit meat, lean river fish.	Smoked meats, fish and meats with high fat content, preserves.
Oats and buckwheat	Dry fruits
Soft-boiled eggs.	Chocolate
Crackers, white bread (which has been sitting for a couple of days), dry biscuits.	Hard boiled eggs, fried omelette.
Weak tea and coffee, cocoa with added milk.	Rye and freshly baked bread. Cakes, pastry products with cream filling.

Low acidity diet

In such conditions, it is necessary to eat differently than in the previous case. You need to eat foods that promote gastric secretion. The following table shows the dishes that are eligible for referral. If you have severe stomach pain, you should exclude dishes that irritate stomach tissue from the menu.

Vegetables: baked potatoes, tomatoes, greens, carrots, beets, pumpkins, pickles.

Diet for gastritis - general recommendations.

Patients with gastritis should exclude spices used in the cooking process from the menu. You can improve the flavor of foods with fresh herbs (parsley, dill, celery). Vegetables will also help add vitamins to your diet: try to season as many dishes as you eat with finely chopped vegetables.

It is necessary to eat small meals, but avoid snacks; This way the stomach will not have difficulties digesting food. Chew your food well and eat slowly. Food eaten hastily can worsen your health and aggravate gastritis. Chew the food until it becomes an easily digestible paste.

Do not forget that proper and balanced nutrition is the key to treating gastritis. Many patients who followed a strict diet during treatment say that it helped them successfully overcome all the symptoms and pain associated with this disease within 4 weeks.

Important: Before use, read the instructions or consult your doctor.

What to eat for stomach gastritis?

Statistics on gastritis and gastric ulcers in children and adults increase every day. This also applies to other inflammatory diseases of the digestive tract. Patients experience constant pain, which affects their quality of life. It is necessary to contact a gastroenterologist in a timely manner to undergo a comprehensive diagnosis and identify the origin of the injury. With adequate and timely treatment, the risk of complications is reduced. It is important not only to take medications, but also to create a proper diet under the supervision of your doctor and nutritionist. This is the basis of prevention and therapy.

Characteristics of gastritis

Gastritis is a chronic inflammatory condition of the stomach lining that causes pain, loss of appetite, and other symptoms. Of all the pathologies of the digestive tract, the majority of patients suffer from this disease.

Many people underestimate the importance of timely diagnosis of gastritis and consider it a minor deviation that does not require treatment. They think that the disease will not cause any harm and will gradually disappear on its own, without treatment. But if treatment methods and diet are not applied in time, the pathology can gradually turn into peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum and into malignant transformation.

Etiological factors

Many studies have been carried out and statistics have been collected according to which the basis for the development of inflammatory pathologies of the stomach is Helicobacter pylori. This is a bacteria that attacks the walls of the stomach and duodenum. Most people are just carriers of the bacteria, but under the influence of negative factors it begins to actively multiply, causing pathology. It is Helicobacter pylori that over time can cause the development of atypical mucosal cells, which will lead to malignant degeneration.

Doctors have identified the main harmful factors that can cause inflammation of the stomach:

Eating poor quality foods.. Includes fatty, fried, spicy, smoked and excessively salty foods. This type of food aggressively affects the walls of the stomach, causing an inflammatory process. Due to damage, Helicobacter pylori begins to actively multiply.
kureniand. Nicotine and smog from smoking spread to the respiratory tract and digestive system. It negatively affects the mucous membranes, causes irritation and increased inflammation.
Drinking large amounts of alcohol. It has a toxic effect on any tissue in the body, including the gastrointestinal tract. It leads to the appearance or intensification of inflammation.
Stress. Great physical and psycho-emotional stress. These factors cause the active production of cortisol. Leads to increased release of hydrochloric acid. If it acts on the walls of the stomach in the absence of a bolus of food, damage occurs.

If the patient is simultaneously affected by several factors, the disease develops more quickly.

Clinical signs

In the early stages, the patient and doctor may not notice visual signs. The more damage occurs, the more actively the inflammatory process develops. Therefore, over time, the following symptoms appear:

pain in the epigastric region, aggravated by stress, food, hunger;
nausea, vomiting that occur regardless of food intake;
constipation, diarrhea.

There are signs that can be used to determine if a patient has gastroenterological pathology.If a person has more than 4 symptoms, it is recommended to contact a gastroenterologist:

frequent occurrence of epigastric pain;
punctual pain in the middle of the abdomen;
acidity;
frequent belching;
constipation, diarrhea;
occasional nausea;
vomiting for no reason;
the presence of gastroenterological diseases in close relatives;
presence of bad habits (smoking, frequent drinking of alcohol, overeating);
periodic use of a strict diet.

It is impossible to independently determine the diagnosis, since symptoms may be present in temporary disorders or other acute chronic diseases. It is important to undergo an examination and diagnosis by a doctor who will prescribe conservative or radical treatment, depending on the developing lesion.

Diet

The diet is prescribed by 2 doctors:

gastroenterologist;
nutritionist.

It is best if these doctors work together to provide quality treatment.But first they undergo an examination and diagnostic tests to determine the following factors:

degree of damage to the mucous membrane;
the degree of spread of the lesion to different parts of the gastrointestinal tract;
reasons for the defeat.

After collecting complete information, a nutritional regimen is drawn up. This is one of the fundamental treatment methods that reduces the burden on the gastrointestinal tract.There are 2 diets for the development of inflammatory stomach pathologies:

with high acidity;
with low acidity.

Regardless of the type of diet chosen, the gastroenterologist should remind you of the fundamental principles of proper nutrition during illness.

Division. The total volume of products that the patient must consume in 1 day is determined. It is divided into 6 parts, evenly distributing meals throughout the day. That is, the patient must eat food every 3 hours. You should not overeat or starve, since these factors negatively affect the condition of the stomach. A portion of food is approximately the volume of two palms.
Chewing. The consumed food begins to be digested in the oral cavity under the influence of saliva, which contains enzymes. Therefore, it is important to chew each piece for a long time.
Rest after eating. It is necessary to sit and lie down for 30 minutes so that the digestive process begins without obstacles.
Temperature. If an inflammatory process is suspected, eat hot foods. It should not be excessively cold or hot.
water mode. Drink at least 2 liters of water daily to maintain a stable water and electrolyte balance and avoid dehydration. Drink water little by little throughout the day.
Mandatory protein intake. Proteins are the foundation from which the body is built. Thanks to them, damaged tissues recover faster after gastritis.
Prohibition of eating excessively rough foods.. It should not contain pieces that could damage the affected mucosal structure.
Proper kitchen. It is boiled, steamed, baked. Frying or smoking is prohibited.
Prohibition of alcohol consumption., caffeine, energy drinks, soft drinks.
Maintain vitamin concentrations.. If they are normal, metabolism and metabolism improve, the nervous system and digestive tract are strengthened. If there are not enough nutrients, multivitamin preparations are used.

The application of these rules reduces the load on the stomach during treatment.

Fruits with high acidity.

Gastritis, accompanied by normal or high acidity, requires special nutrition. It is necessary to control the temperature of food: it is not recommended to eat food with a temperature above 40-50 ⁰C. Fruits can be consumed pureed, steamed, boiled, baked or stewed, or in purees, mousses, jellies, jellies or compotes. It is not recommended to consume fruits with a high content of organic acids (pomegranates, citrus fruits, fresh apricots), green or acidic fruits. During an exacerbation, all fruits should be consumed only in puree form. The rest of the time it is better to use:

sweet varieties of apples;
avocado.

Fruits with low acidity.

For the opposite form of gastritis, when acidity decreases, doctors recommend other fruits:

citrus fruits - prevent the formation of malignant cells, maintain normal acidity;
pomegranate and its juice help restore the gastric mucosa;
Peaches: promote the production of gastric juice, but can only be consumed by patients who are not allergic to the fruit.

Attention! In the event of any gastrointestinal pathology, it is important not to overload the stomach and follow the diet prescribed by the doctor.

Diet for gastritis with high acidity.

If a patient develops this type of inflammation of the stomach, the following processes are formed:

excessive production of hydrochloric acid;
increased acidity of hydrochloric acid.

Normally, hydrochloric acid is intended to break down stomach contents. But it must be within certain limits so as not to damage the body's own tissues.If its pH increases, irritation of the stomach walls begins, which will lead to successive stages:

inflammation;
erosion;
sore;
drilling.

Gastritis can develop at different ages. Prolonged exposure to a harmful factor is enough for an inflammatory process to develop. If the acidity of gastric juice increases, it is necessary to follow a certain diet that reduces these indicators.

Attention! Many patients know that taking antacids reduces the acidity of gastric juice. However, it is prohibited to take these medications yourself. They have contraindications and side effects.

When following a diet, it is important to follow certain rules for it to be successful.

Avoid foods that cause or worsen damage to the stomach walls. This is a food that contains fiber and solid elements. For example, cereals, buns, bran, fibrous meat. All foods should be as soft as possible and easily digestible.
Rejection of any food and drink that causes an increase in the acidity of hydrochloric acid. For example, citrus fruits, preserves, coffee, alcohol, soft drinks.
Eat foods at warm temperatures. Do not consume boiling water, hot liquids or foods. Cold foods are also unacceptable. The optimal limits are 25-35 degrees.

If the patient's gastritis has worsened severely and causes unbearable pain, it is necessary to immediately start a strict diet. This will help significantly reduce the inflammatory process and allow tissues to recover. On the third day the person will feel relief. But this is only possible with the help of additional use of medications prescribed by a doctor.

When prescribing a strict diet, the following foods and dishes are recommended:

low-fat chicken or vegetable broth with crackers, which can be replaced with soft porridge (for example, oatmeal);
pasta soup with milk (hard pastas are allowed);
boiled young potatoes without cream, salt;
Milk with a reduced fat content, so as not to cause an increased load on the gastrointestinal tract due to the appearance of a high concentration of lactose.

If there is a severe exacerbation and acute pain, each product is added gradually, in small portions. This will allow the digestive tract to get used to it and will not cause negative reactions. But if the food causes nausea or increased pain, it is better to replace it with another type of food.

Once the acute period has passed, the diet is continued.It is expanded with the following types of products and dishes:

Boiled and baked eggs contain a high concentration of protein (the yolk can be removed to limit the amount of fat);
lean meat of chicken, rabbit, beef, which can be baked, boiled or steamed (remove the skin before cooking);
fish and seafood, which contain a large amount of omega-3, which has a beneficial effect on the digestive tract and nervous system;
milk that must first be boiled;
soups with added cereals (any cereal is allowed except semolina);
vegetables sold in the store depending on the season;
fruits, which are recommended to be consumed between main meals, so as not to cause stress in the gastrointestinal tract, but not leave the stomach empty;
quality sausages;
olive oil, sunflower;
meatballs and similar products prepared at home with natural minced meat and a thin layer of dough;
offal, of which the liver has the most positive effect, since it contains a large amount of microelements and vitamins;
soft cheeses;
honey, weak tea, herbal decoctions, dried fruit compote.

The following types of products are required to be limited:

bakery products, muffins, fresh pastries;
sweets, chocolate;
dairy products.

All these foods increase the acidity of the stomach. Carbohydrates negatively affect any part of the digestive tract, causing strong acidity, which constitutes a favorable environment for the proliferation of Helicobacter pylori. In addition, chewing gum is avoided, since hydrochloric acid is actively produced during its use. If there is too much, acid gastritis will intensify. This can cause erosions and ulcers to form.

Diet for gastritis with low acidity.

With this type of inflammatory process of the stomach, the concentration and acidity of hydrochloric acid is reduced. Therefore, food is poorly digested, large pieces of food enter the intestine, which creates a large load. This negatively affects the entire state of the digestive tract. Typically, people aged 40 or older suffer from this type of gastritis.

If the pathology is not treated in a timely manner and a diet is not used, the following complications arise:

atrophic condition of the gastric mucosa;
tissue thinning;
Decreased function of parietal cells.

Gastritis with low acidity is one of the most dangerous and difficult diseases to treat. Therefore, it is important to start treatment at an early stage, before a precancerous condition develops.

To correct the pathology, it is necessary to consume foods that stimulate the production of hydrochloric acid in the stomach. It is also necessary to increase its acidity so that the bolus is processed.

Attention! It is necessary to simultaneously increase acidity and not put pressure on the gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, it is prohibited to use fatty, spicy, fried, smoked foods, fast food and alcohol, regardless of whether they increase acidity.

In case of illness, gastroenterologists advise following certain nutritional principles:

before eating, drink 200 ml of lightly carbonated mineral water;
chew food well, gradually consuming each piece, the entire meal lasts at least 30 minutes;
Between meals it is recommended to eat fruits that increase acidity; you can bake them beforehand to avoid causing stress.

With the development of hypoacid gastritis, it is necessary to consume the following types of foods or dishes:

types of lean meat: chicken, turkey, rabbit, young beef;
any type of fruits and vegetables that do not have a coarse fiber structure (citrus fruits, white cabbage and cauliflower are recommended);
vegetable and meat broths;
a small concentration of carbohydrates in the form of sweets and baked goods;
any type of fermented dairy products;
canned foods;
herbal decoctions, tea, berry and fruit compotes.

Since milk in any form reduces the acidity of gastric juice, it is prohibited to consume it when preparing a diet.

Gastritis is one of the most common digestive problems among the population. The disease can affect patients of any age. It can be prevented if prevention rules are used. But if the pathology has already developed, it is important to undergo a timely diagnosis and start treatment to prevent complications from developing. The therapy is based on correct and quality nutrition, improving lifestyle and avoiding bad habits. The diet is selected individually for each patient, depending on the degree of damage and the acidity of gastric juice.